Nonprofit organization communication, crisis planning, and strategic responses to the <scp>COVID</scp> ?19 pandemic

Nonprofit organizations have somewhat different foci, contexts, and resources than typical for-profit organizations, so may experienced responded to COVID-19 in ways not covered traditional corporate research. We investigate the influence of nonprofit organizations' communication support use, crisis experience preparation, extent impacts on their strategic responses (from retrenchment perseverance innovation). Our study is a longitudinal panel survey conducted with 578 U.S. public charities, once before pandemic other 6 months into it. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics characterize sample, hierarchical regressions assess influences pandemic. A major finding that external stakeholders predicted abilities maintain core activities (perseverance) during pivot (innovating) mission delivery. Practical applications for are addressed, particular attention COVID-19.